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5.0 Network+ Certification Cram Notes : Network Troubleshooting

5.3 Importance of using appropriate network software tools and commands in network troubleshooting.

Explain the following Command line tools

1. ping: The ping command is used to check the connectivity between two devices on a network. It sends packets of data to the target device and measures the time it takes for the response to be received. If the target device is responding, it indicates that there is a successful connection between the two devices.

2. ipconfig/ifconfig/ip: The ipconfig command on Windows, the ifconfig command on Linux, and the ip command on modern Linux distributions, are used to display information about the IP configuration of a device. It can be used to view the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway of a device.

3. nslookup/dig: The nslookup command on Windows and the dig command on Linux are used to query the Domain Name System (DNS) for information about a domain name or IP address. They can be used to find the IP address of a domain name or the domain name of an IP address.

4. traceroute/tracert: The traceroute command on Linux and the tracert command on Windows are used to trace the path that data takes from the source device to the destination device. It shows the route that the data packets take, including the intermediate hops and the round-trip time for each hop.

5. arp: The arp command is used to display or modify the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cache. The ARP cache is used to store mappings between IP addresses and MAC addresses. The arp command can be used to view the ARP cache, add a new entry, or delete an existing entry.

6. netstat: The netstat command is used to display information about the network connections and protocol statistics of a device. It can be used to view information about active connections, including the local and remote addresses and the status of the connection.

7. hostname: The hostname command is used to display or set the host name of a device. The host name is a unique identifier for a device on a network.

8. route: The route command is used to view or modify the routing table of a device. The routing table is used to determine the path that data packets take to reach their destination. The route command can be used to view the routing table, add a new route, or delete an existing route.

9. telnet: The telnet command is used to establish a Telnet session with a remote device. It can be used to connect to a remote device and run commands on that device as if you were physically present.

10. tcpdump: The tcpdump command is a packet analyzer tool used to capture and display packets transmitted on a network. It can be used to capture and analyze network traffic, troubleshoot network issues, and monitor network security.

11. nmap: The nmap command is a network exploration and security auditing tool. It can be used to scan a network for active hosts, open ports, and services. The nmap command can also be used to identify the operating system and version of a remote device, and to perform vulnerability scans.

Explain the following Basic network platform commands

1. show interface - This command is used to view the status and information about one or more network interfaces on a device. It provides details such as the interface name, type, IP address, status, and speed. This information is useful for identifying network connectivity issues, determining if the interface is up or down, and checking the speed of the interface.

2. show config - This command displays the current configuration of the device. It provides a comprehensive overview of the entire network configuration, including the IP addressing scheme, routing configurations, access control lists, and any other relevant configurations. This command is often used to verify configurations and to help troubleshoot network issues.

3. show route - This command displays the routing table of a device. The routing table is a list of all known routes and the next hop IP address that packets should be sent to in order to reach their destination. The show route command is used to verify the routing table configuration, to ensure that the device is able to reach all the necessary destinations, and to help diagnose routing issues.


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