site_logo

Previous Next


  1. Network+ Practice Tests
  2. Network+ Lab Simulator
  3. Network+ LabSim w/ ExamSim
  4. Network+ Cram Notes

1.0 Network+ Certification Cram Notes : Networking Fundamentals

1.4 Configuring a subnet and use appropriate IP addressing schemes.

IPv4 subnetting

IPv4 subnetting refers to the process of dividing a larger network into smaller subnetworks. The purpose of subnetting is to divide a large network into smaller, more manageable subnetworks. It also allows for the optimization of network resources and reduces the size of broadcast domains.

Classless (variable-length subnet mask) is a subnetting method where the subnet mask is of variable length, allowing for more efficient use of IP addresses.

Classful subnetting is an older method of subnetting where the subnet mask is of a fixed length and is based on the class of the IP address. There are 5 classes of IP addresses, A, B, C, D, and E.

Class A IP addresses are assigned to large organizations and have a default subnet mask of 255.0.0.0.

Class B IP addresses are assigned to mid-sized organizations and have a default subnet mask of 255.255.0.0.

Class C IP addresses are assigned to small organizations and have a default subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.

Class D IP addresses are reserved for multicast addresses, which are used to send data from one source to multiple recipients simultaneously. The range of Class D IP addresses is from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

Class E IP addresses are reserved for experimental use, and are not generally used for communication on the internet. The range of Class E IP addresses is from 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255.

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation is a compact representation of IP addresses and their associated subnet masks. CIDR notation is often used to represent subnets in routing tables and helps reduce the size of these tables.

Explain the following IPv6 concepts

IPv6 is the latest version of the Internet Protocol, designed to replace IPv4 which has limited address space. IPv6 offers many new features and benefits over IPv4, including a much larger address space, improved security, and improved support for mobility and multimedia communications. Here are the IPv6 concepts you asked for:

1. Tunneling: Tunneling is a technique used to encapsulate IPv6 packets within IPv4 packets in order to transmit IPv6 traffic over an IPv4 infrastructure. This allows organizations to gradually deploy IPv6 while still using their existing IPv4 infrastructure.

2. Dual Stack: Dual Stack is a term used to describe a network that is able to support both IPv4 and IPv6 simultaneously. A dual stack network can communicate with both IPv4 and IPv6 devices, which allows for a smooth transition to IPv6.

3. Shorthand notation: Shorthand notation is a way of abbreviating the long hexadecimal addresses in IPv6. For example, a full IPv6 address might look like "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334". Shorthand notation allows for this address to be abbreviated as "2001:db8:85a3::8a2e:370:7334".

4. Router advertisement: Router advertisement is a mechanism used by IPv6 routers to advertise their presence on a network and provide information about the network, such as the prefix and default gateway. This information is used by IPv6 hosts to automatically configure their IP addresses.

5. Stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC): SLAAC is a mechanism used by IPv6 hosts to automatically configure their IP addresses based on information received from routers. SLAAC is a stateless mechanism, meaning that it does not rely on a server to assign IP addresses. This makes it simpler to deploy and manage than traditional IPv4 address assignment methods.

Virtual IP (VIP)

A Virtual IP (VIP) is a software-defined IP address that acts as a frontend for a cluster of servers, allowing clients to connect to the servers using a single IP address, rather than having to know the individual IP addresses of each server. The VIP is typically hosted on a load balancer, which routes incoming client requests to the appropriate server based on the current load and status of each server.

Subinterfaces

Subinterfaces are virtual interfaces that are created from a single physical interface and allow for multiple IP addresses to be assigned to a single physical interface. This allows for multiple logical networks to be created on a single physical interface, which can be useful for situations where multiple VLANs or VLAN tagging is required. Subinterfaces can also be used for network virtualization, enabling multiple virtual networks to share a single physical network infrastructure.


Previous Next



simulationexams.com ad

certexams.com ad