CCST Certification Cram Notes

6. Security

6.4 Configure basic wireless security on a home router (WPAx).

To configure basic wireless security on a home router using WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access), WPA2, or WPA3, you can follow these steps:

1. Access the Router's Configuration Interface: Connect your computer to the home router either via Ethernet cable or wirelessly. Open a web browser and enter the router's IP address in the address bar. Typically, the default IP address is 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.0.1. Refer to the router's manual or manufacturer's website for the specific IP address.

2. Login to the Router: Enter the username and password to log in to the router's configuration interface. The default credentials are often admin/admin or admin/password. If you have changed the login credentials, use the updated information.

3. Navigate to the Wireless Settings: Once logged in, locate the wireless settings section. It may be under a "Wireless" or "Security" tab or menu option.

4. Choose a Security Protocol: Select the appropriate security protocol, such as WPA, WPA2, or WPA3. It is recommended to use WPA2 or WPA3 for stronger security. WPA3 is the most recent and secure option, but ensure that your devices support it. If your devices are older or do not support WPA3, choose WPA2.

5. Select Personal or Enterprise Mode: In the security settings, you will typically have the option to choose between "Personal" and "Enterprise" mode.

Personal Mode: Also known as Pre-Shared Key (PSK) mode, it is suitable for home networks. You will need to enter a passphrase or password to secure the wireless network. This password will be used by all devices to connect to the network.
Enterprise Mode: This mode is typically used in business or enterprise environments and requires a RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) server for authentication. It offers more granular control and security features.

For a home network, select "Personal" mode.

6. Set the Passphrase or Password: Enter a strong passphrase or password for the wireless network. A strong passphrase should be at least 12 characters long, include a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters. Avoid using common words or easily guessable information.

7. Save the Configuration: After setting the passphrase or password, save the configuration changes in the router's interface.

8. Connect Devices: On your devices (laptops, smartphones, tablets, etc.), locate the available Wi-Fi networks and select the network name (SSID) of your home router. Enter the passphrase or password you set in the router's configuration when prompted. Once entered correctly, your devices should connect to the secured wireless network.

Wireless Security Concepts:

WPA, WPA2, and WPA3 are security protocols that provide encryption and authentication for wireless networks. Each version offers increased security features over its predecessor.

WPA2 is currently the most widely supported and recommended option for securing wireless networks. WPA3 is the latest and most secure version, but its adoption and device compatibility may vary.

Personal mode (PSK) uses a shared passphrase or password for all devices to connect to the network. Enterprise mode (using RADIUS) provides individual credentials for each user/device and is suitable for larger networks with centralized authentication.

It's important to regularly update the router's firmware to ensure security patches and fixes for any vulnerabilities that may be discovered over time.

Remember to keep your wireless network passphrase or password secure and avoid sharing it with unauthorized individuals. Regularly review and update your wireless network security settings to enhance the protection of your home network.