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  1. CCST Cybersecurity Practice Test
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CCST Cybersecurity Certification Cram Notes

5.0 Incident Handling

5.2 Explain digital forensics and attack attribution processes

5. Evidence handling

Evidence handling is the process of collecting, preserving, analyzing, and presenting digital evidence in a manner that ensures its integrity and reliability. In order to maintain the integrity of digital evidence and ensure that it can be used effectively in legal proceedings, it is important to follow a strict chain of custody.

The chain of custody is a documented trail that records the movement of digital evidence from the time it is collected until it is presented in court. This chain of custody should include information such as the date and time that the evidence was collected, the location where it was found, the person who collected it, and any other relevant information about the evidence.

The following are some best practices for preserving digital evidence and maintaining chain of custody:

  • Identify and isolate the evidence: As soon as possible after discovering a security incident, identify and isolate the relevant evidence. This can include system logs, network traffic data, and other digital artifacts.

  • Document the evidence: Record detailed information about the evidence, including the date and time it was collected, the location where it was found, and any other relevant information.

  • Preserve the evidence: Use forensically sound techniques to preserve the evidence, such as creating a bit-for-bit copy of the original data. This ensures that the original evidence is not modified or damaged during the investigation process.

  • Secure the evidence: Store the evidence in a secure location to prevent unauthorized access or tampering. This can include using encryption, physical security controls, and access controls to protect the evidence.

  • Maintain the chain of custody: Create a detailed chain of custody log that tracks the movement of the evidence from the time it was collected until it is presented in court. This includes recording the names and contact information of all individuals who have handled the evidence.

5.3. Explain the impact of compliance frameworks on incident handling

Compliance frameworks play a significant role in shaping incident handling practices within organizations. These frameworks provide guidelines and requirements for protecting sensitive data, maintaining privacy, and ensuring the security of systems and networks. Here's an explanation of the impact of compliance frameworks on incident handling, including reporting and notification requirements:

1. Alignment with Regulatory Requirements: Compliance frameworks, such as GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation), HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act), PCI-DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard), FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act), and FISMA (Federal Information Security Management Act), establish specific regulations and standards that organizations must adhere to. These frameworks outline the security controls, procedures, and incident response protocols that need to be implemented to protect sensitive data and meet legal requirements.

2. Incident Identification and Response: Compliance frameworks typically require organizations to have processes and controls in place to identify and respond to security incidents promptly. This includes having incident response teams, documented procedures, and technical measures to detect and contain incidents effectively. Compliance frameworks often specify the timeframe within which incidents must be identified, assessed, and mitigated.

3. Reporting and Documentation: Compliance frameworks outline reporting and documentation requirements for security incidents. Organizations are typically obligated to maintain incident records, document the nature and impact of the incident, and track the response activities. Incident reports may need to be submitted to regulatory bodies, data protection authorities, or other governing entities within specified timeframes.

4. Notification Requirements: Compliance frameworks often include specific requirements for notifying affected parties, such as individuals whose personal data has been compromised, regulatory authorities, or law enforcement agencies. These frameworks define the timeframe and content of the notifications, ensuring that affected individuals are informed promptly about the incident and its potential impact.

5. Impact on Incident Handling Processes: Compliance frameworks influence the overall incident handling processes within organizations. They emphasize the need for a systematic and well-documented approach to incident response, including incident triage, containment, investigation, and remediation. Incident handling procedures must align with the requirements and guidelines set forth by the applicable compliance frameworks.

6. Consequences of Non-Compliance: Non-compliance with regulatory requirements outlined in compliance frameworks can lead to severe consequences for organizations, including financial penalties, legal action, reputational damage, and loss of customer trust. Therefore, organizations prioritize incident handling and invest in resources and technologies to ensure compliance and mitigate risks effectively.

In summary, compliance frameworks have a significant impact on incident handling practices. They shape the procedures, reporting, documentation, and notification requirements for organizations dealing with security incidents. Adhering to these frameworks helps organizations meet legal obligations, protect sensitive data, and maintain trust with stakeholders.


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