The two authentication methods supported by the JUNOS software are MD5 and simple authentication. Simple authentication uses a plain-text password that is included in the transmitted packet whereas, MD5 does hashing while transmitting the packets.
Referring to the above output, md5 authentication method is used. The receiving router uses its authentication key (password) and the same algorithm to calculate its one-way hash value and compares it with the one in the packet.
1. Connect a terminal or laptop computer to the router through the console port -a serial port on the front of the router. Only console access to the router is enabled by default.
2. Power on the router and wait for it to boot.
The Junos OS boots automatically. The boot process is complete when you see the login: prompt on the console.
3. Log in as the user root.
Initially, the root user account requires no password. You can see that you are the root user, because the prompt on the router shows the username root@#.
4. Start the Junos OS command-line interface (CLI):
root@#cli
root@>
5. Enter Junos OS configuration mode:
cli>configure
[edit]
root@#
6. When we use 'run' command, the router allows us to access the operational mode command by sitting on configuration mode hierarchy. This is one of the powerful junos commands that exist in configuration mode.
7. The 'up' command allows us to move one hierarchy upper from the existing hierarchy. The 'top' command allows us to move towards the top of the hierarchy. There is no command called middle and upper when it comes to move one hierarchy up from the existing hierarchy.
'Ctrl + L' keystroke redraws the current command line. Whereas 'Ctrl + F' moves the cursor forward one character and 'Ctrl + X' deletes the entire current command line.
Juniper Networks platform has primarily two types of interface. These are:
1. Permanent Interfaces: These are always present in the router and Transient interfaces, these can be inserted or removed from the router by user.
Each router has two permanent interfaces. These are:
2. Transient Interfaces: Transient Interfaces are the interfaces that receive user's data packets from the network and transmit the packets to the network. These interfaces are physically located on a Physical Interface Card. They can be inserted and removed at any time.
These interface need to be configured before using it. We can also configure the interfaces that are not in the chassis. When the JUNOS software activates the router's configuration it finds out the interfaces that are present and activates only those interfaces.
The maximum transmission unit (MTU) of the physical interface can be changed. Each interface has a different default value. In juniper, the possible MTU range is 256 to 9192 bytes.
In addition, each router has two serial ports, labeled console and auxiliary. Console port can be used to connect tty-type terminals to the router. The auxiliary port can connect to a modem.
The state of the interface are Down, BDR and DR. There are also other states of the interface other than this. BDR and DR are the election carried out in OSPF network.
fxp interfaces are used for managing our juniper devices. The fxp interfaces are the only current interface types that do not follow the two-letter designator format. These interfaces are special in their function.
Each Juniper Networks router contains the fxp0 and fxp1 permanent interfaces. The fxp0 interface performs the management functionality. This provides the out-of-band method used while connecting the router. The operation of a Juniper Networks platform itself relies on the fxp1.The fpc slot locates the interface which begin at 0 on Juniper Networks router.
The fxp1 interface connects the Routing Engine to the Packet Forwarding Engine. This communications link is how routing protocol packets reach the Routing Engine to update
The media type 'lo' indicate the loopback interface. These are the virtual interface that we can create on our juniper routers. These interfaces are mostly created for testing purposes.
Deactivate is the command used to deactivate the interface on junos devices. This command disables the interface from both receiving and transmitting the data.
Each interface has two types of properties assigned to it: physical properties and logical properties. Physical properties are tied to the entire physical port, whereas logical properties affect only that logical portion of the interface represented by unit numbers or channel numbers.
A physical property should always be configured before any logical identifier, such as a unit number.
All router interfaces that will send and receive transit traffic require a logical unit to be configured. This logical unit creates a division of the physical interface into multiple parts. For instance, an Ethernet interface can be subdivided into multiple virtual LANs (VLANs), each requiring its own logical unit.
Link-mode is used to specify full duplex, half duplex, or autonegotiation.
Syntax
link-mode mode (automatic | full-duplex | half-duplex);
Note that protocol family and lo0 are configured at logical interface.
