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CompTIA® Server+ : Software : Install, Deploy, Configure & Update Nos

1.7 Install, update and configure appropriate firmware.

The first thing that one need to ascertain is to make sure that the upgrade is compatible with the existing hardware. This can usually be ensured by going through HCL (Hardware Compatibility Lists). You can also see the manufacturer's documentation for this purpose.

All the following precautions you need to take while upgrading BIOS

  • Check that BIOS upgrade is appropriate to your server by looking at the BIOS manufacturer's web site or documentation.

  • Plan for the upgrade preferably during non-working hours, as the upgrade may cause an interruption of services for short duration.

  • Observe the server events log for some time even after the successful upgrade to ensure that every thing is going smoothly

  • Ensure that a valid backup is available, so that the system and user files can be restored in any unforeseen event.

2. Software

2.1 Install, deploy, configure and update NOS (Windows / *nix).

  • NOS (network operating system) is used to describe a server Operating system.

  • NOS can be installed directly from CD-ROM distribution discs.

  • Another way is to install the operating system from shared drive located on another computer. The server must have network access for this method.

  • Automated setups can be used to create a setup script which answers all questions asked during installation and same script can be run to install operating systems on several servers.

  • Remote Installation Services (RIS) allows to install Windows server versions from remote network location without going to server location. This can also be used to install client operating systems.

File systems

  • FAT: FAT was originally used in DOS and was improved over period of time to increase size of logical partitions and file size limits. FAT32 was last version. Some drawbacks of FAT are it lacks security, encryption, and compression. Maximum file size in FAT32 can be 4G.

  • NTFS: NT File system is default file system for Windows servers. It has mechanisms to ensure reliability, encryption, limits on space allocation, built in security. It supports Distributed File System (DFS) to create single logical directory structure across multiple physical servers. Size of individual file is limited by available disk space.

  • Unix File System : Some Unix file systems are UFS, JFS, ZFS. These use permission bit for security, these support large files and volume sizes. Also have data integrity and reliability features.

  • Linux File Systems : Some file systems are ext2, ext3, ext4 and rfs. These file systems can read FAT and NTFS files. Linux file system use I-nodes to contain directory information and file information.

  • Installing drivers: Check product manufacturers vendor website and search the listing given for your specific NOS to find a specific device driver. This will need information like model of the device.

Patch management : A patch is a update which contains collection of code that corrects a set of problems that an NOS was having. NOS are updated in different ways according to OS manufacturer. These patches can be obtained from appropriate vendor website.

Server installation check list:

  • Check for adequate power to supply to the Server

  • Check for proper network connectivity

  • Check for proper cabling

  • Verify whether you are using IRQs efficiently, and all connected devices are set properly to respond at the specified IRQs

  • Back-up: You need to have proper back-up

  • Documentation: You need to document your server installation, that it will help diagnose the problem in the event of failure or for up gradation

Minimum Requirements for installing Windows 2000 Server as specified by Microsoft:

  • Computer/Processor: 133 MHz or higher Pentium-compatible CPU

  • Memory: 256 megabytes (MB) of RAM recommended minimum [4 gigabytes (GB) maximum]

  • Hard Disk: 2 GB hard disk with a minimum of 1.0 GB free space.

  • CPU Support: Windows 2000 Server supports up to four CPUs on one machine

Note: It is always better to add additional resources that what is minimum recommended for better performance.

Following are the hardware requirements recommended by Novell to install NetWare 5.1:

  • A server-class PC with a Pentium II or higher processor

  • A VGA or higher resolution display adapter (SVGA recommended)

  • Standard NetWare products and WebSphere Application Server for NetWare-1.3GB on volume SYS

  • RAM: Standard NetWare products-128MB

  • RAM with WebSphere Application Server for NetWare: 256MB (512MB recommended) in addition to standard NetWare products

  • A CD-ROM drive that can read ISO 9660-formatted disks

  • A PS/2 or serial mouse is recommended, but not required

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